जैविक सुरक्षा (Biosecurity)
h}ljs ;'/Iff (Bio-security)
h}ljs ;'/Iff (Bio-security)
kl/ro
at{dfg cj:yfdf kz'kfng If]qdf klg h}ljs ;'/Iffsf] dxTj lbg k|ltlbg al9/x]sf] kfp+5f}+ lsgls kz'kfng dflg;sf] nflu vfB a:t'l;t dfq geP/ k|ToIf /f]huf/Ll;t klg ;/f]sf/ ePsf] ljifo xf] . t;y{ h}ljs ;'/Iffsf] ljifonfO{ cnu /fv]/ kz'kfng If]qnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg] eGg] s'/fnfO{ sNkgf ;Dd klg ug{ ;lsGg . lbuf] kz'hGo pTkfbgdf h}ljs ;'/Iffsf] k|d'v e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 eg] h}ljs ;'/Iffsf] l;4fGt g} kz' :jf:Yosf] cfwf/ ePsf] 5 h;n] ubf{ o;sf] ;DaGw vfB ;'/Iff, h'gf]l6s /f]u -kz'af6 dflg;df ;g]{ /f]u_ sf] lgoGq0f / Jofkf/l;t uf+l;Psf] 5 .
kz'k+IfLkfngdf a9\bf] Joj;foLs/0f;+u} pGgt gZnsf a9L pTkfblzn kz'k+IfLdf pNn]Vo ?kdf nufgL klg a9\bf] 5 . pGgt gZnsf kz'k+IfLx? t'ngfTds ?kdf /f]ux? k|lt a9L ;Dj]bgl;n x'g] ePsf]n] Joj;flos kmfd{x?df h}ljs ;'/Iff ckgfpg Hofb} cfjZos b]lvG5 . ;fy} lgjf{xd'vL pTkfbg k|0ffnLdf jf ldl>t v]tL k|0ffnL ckgfO{ cfPsf cj:yfdf klg vf; u/L vfB :jR5tf tyf /f]usf] k|sf]k Go"g ug{ h}ljs ;'/Iffsf pkfox? k|efjsf/L l;4 ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . t;y{ h}ljs ;'/Iffsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ b'w, df;', km'n h:tf kz'hGo kbfy{sf] pTkfbg, cf];f/k;f/, k|zf]wg tyf pkef]usf x/]s r/0fdf cfj4 ug'{ ckl/xfo{ b]lvG5 .
kz'k+IfLx?df /f]usf] ;+qmd0f Go"g ug{, /f]u km}ngaf6 arfpg / /f]syfd tyf pkrf/df x'g] vr{ s6f}tL ug{ / cGttM :jR5 Pj+ :j:ys/ kz' hGo pTkfbgdf h}ljs ;'/Iffsf] cjnDag Ps clgjfo{ cfjZostf aGg k'u]sf] 5 .
h}ljs ;'/Iff eg]sf] s] xf] <
- h}ljs ;'/Iff eg]sf] ;'/lIft hLjg xf] .
- h}ljs ;'/Iff Ps k|s[of xf] h;n] hLjf0f'sf] ;+qmd0f tyf cfqmd0faf6 arfp+5 / of] k|s[of Ps 7fp+ jf :yfgdf dfq geP/ kmfd{, lhNnf, If]q tyf d'n'sel/ nfu' ug{ ;lsG5 .
- h}ljs ;'/Iff Ps Joj:yfksLo k|s[of xf] / o;sf ;ts{tfsf pkfox?n] /f]ux? pTkGg x'g jf /f]usf] k|j]znfO{{ /f]Sg] sfo{ ub{5 .
- h}ljs ;'/Iff h;n] kz'k+IfLsf /f]ux?nfO{ km}ngaf6 /f]Sb5 .
- h}ljs ;'/Iffsf] cEof;n] /f]usf] /f]syfd, /f]unfO{ sd ug{ / kz'x? ljr x'g] /f]usf] k|j]z / km}nfj6nfO{ ;d]t /f]Sg] sfd ub{5 .
h}ljs ;'/Iff slxn] ckgfpg] <
h}ljs ;'/Iff /f]u km}lnPsf] ;dodf dfq ge}sg x/;dodf ckgfpg' kb{5 .
lgM;+qmd0f (Disinfection)
lgM;+qmd0f (Disinfection) n]] h}ljs ;'/Iff sfo{df dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Nb5 . lgM;+qmd0f (Disinfection) eg]sf] /f]usf sf/s lhjf0f' tyf ljiff0f'x?nfO{ vf; /;fogx?sf] k|of]un] dfg]{ jf logLx?sf] a[l4nfO{ /f]Sg] sfo{ xf] . o; sfo{df k|of]u ul/g] /;fogx?nfO{ Disinfectants elgG5 .
s]xL k|rlnt lgM;+qmd0f /;fogx? –
-!_ clS;8fO{lh+u Ph]06x? -xfO{8<f]hg k]/f]S;fO{8 / le/sg_ .
-@_ cnsf]xnx? -O{yfgf]n_ .
-#_ x]nf]h]gx? -;f]l8od xfO{kf]Snf]/fO{6, n'uf w'g] ;f]8f_ .
/f]u d'lQms/0f (Decontamination)
/f]u d'lQms/0f eg]sf] ;/;kmfO{ jf lgM;+qmd0fsf] dfWodaf6 /f]usf] sf/s lhjf0f', ljiff0f'nfO{ d'Qm ug]{ jf gsf/fTds c;/ ug]{ /;fogx?sf] k|efjnfO{ z"Go ug]{ xf] . t;y{ /f]u d'lQms/0fn] h}ljs ;'/Iff / lgM;+qmd0fdf ulx/f] ;DaGw /fVb5 .
h}ljs ;'/Iff ckgfPdf s] x'G5 <
- dgnfO{ zfGtL ldNg] .
- kz'k+IfLsf] ;'/Iff x'g] .
- Joj;fo kmi6fpg] .
- pBf]usf] pGgtL x'g] .
- ;d'bfosf] pGgtL x'g] .
c;n tyf plrt h}ljs ;'/Iffaf6 k|fKt x'g] kmfO{bfx?
- /f]usf] vt/faf6 d'Qm u/fp+5 .
- hg:jf:Yo ;DalGw /f]ux?df sdL cfp+5 .
- /f]unfO{ pTkGg x'g / km}ngdf l;ldt ul/ /f]ux?af6 arfp+5 .
- w]/}} kz'k+IfLsf] :jf:Yodf ;'wf/ Nofp+5 .
- /f]usf] /f]syfd / pkrf/df x'g] vr{nfO{ sdL u/fO{ cfodf a[l4 u/fp+5 .
- kmfd{sf] pTkfbg Ifdtfdf a[l4 Nofp+5 .
/f]u km}lng ;Sg] sf/0fx?
- dflg; tyf kz'x?sf] :yfg kl/jt{g tyf cfjfudg (Movement) sf] sf/0fn] .
- kz'k+IfL kmfd{ cjnf]sg ug{ cfpg] dflg; / ;jf/L ;fwg tyf 9'jfgLsf] k|of]hgsf uf8Lx? .
- kmfd{df, uf]7 tyf vf]/df k|j]z u/fO{Psf gof+ kz'k+IfLx? .
- l5/l5d]ssf kz'x?l;tsf] ;Dks{ .
- kmfd{df Ps cfk;df k|of]u ul/Psf ;fdu|Lx? .
- h+unL hgfj/ / h+unL k+IfLx?sf] ;+;u{df cfPsf] jf ltglx?af6 n;k; e} b'lift ePsf] ;fdu|Lx? .
- kz'k+IfL]n] b'lift gbLgfnfsf] kfgL vfPdf jf k|of]u u/]df .
/f]u km}lng glbg ul/g] pkfox?
- h}ljs ;'/Iffsf] cfjZostf tyf dxTj af/] ;r]t x'g] .
- sk8f, h'Qf jf xftaf6 kmfd{÷uf]7÷vf]/ ;+qmd0f x'g ;Sg] jf /f]u km}lng ;Sg] x'+bf sk8f, h'Qf abNg] / o;sf] ;/;kmfO{ k|lt Wofg lbg] .
- ;s];Dd kmfd{÷uf]7÷vf]/ cjnf]sg ug{ cfpg] dflg; tyf cGo uf8Lx?nfO{ l;ldt ug]{ . uf]7, vf]/ eGbf 6f9} uf8Lx? kfls{Ësf] Joj:yf ug]{ cfjZostfg';f/ lgoGq0f ug]{ .
- kmfd{÷uf]7÷vf]/;Dd hfg] af6f], uf8L /fVg] 7fp+, bfgfkfgL vfg] 7fp++, 3f+; bfgf /fVg] 7fp+ / ;f] If]qnfO{ /fd|/L ;kmf ug]{ .
- kz'k+IfLx?nfO{ l5d]sLsf] kz'k+IfLl;t ;Dks{df cfpg glbg] o;sf] nflu aw'jfkfng jf uf]7÷vf]/df g} /fVg] .
- cf}iflw pkrf/df k|of]u x'g] ;fdu|Lx? -cf}iflw ;'O{ nufpg] / cf}iflw v'jfpg]_ sf] a]Unfa]Un]} k|of]u ug]{ .
- kmfd{÷uf]7÷vf]/ ;kmf ug]{ ;fdu|Lx? l5d]sLl;t jf+8r'+8 ul/ rnfPsf] eP /fd|/L lgM;+qmd0f ul/ dfq k|of]u ug]{ .
- ;kmf lkpg] kfgLsf] dfq k|of]u ug]{ .
- kz'a:t'sf] cfnf] dn 5/]sf] ePdf sl/a ^ xKtf;Dd kz'k+IfLnfO{ To;sf] ;Dks{af6 6f9} /fVg] .
- kz'a:t'sf] klxrfg ug]{ / clen]v /fVg] k|0ffnLnfO{ r':t / b'?:t /fVg] .
- kmfd{÷uf]7÷vf]/df s'g} kz'k+IfL lj/fdL eP jf ePsf] z+sf nfu]df l9nf] gul/sg To;nfO{ cnu /flv k|fljlwsnfO{ va/ ug]{ .
- d/]sf] kz'k+IfLx?nfO{ ulx/f] vfN8f] vgL k'g]{ jf hnfpg] jf l8:kf]hn lk6df xfnL /fd|/L tx nufpg] .
kz' pTkfbg k|0ffnLdf h}ljs ;'/Iffsf dxTjk"0f{ pkfox?
!= kz'k+IfLl;t k|ToIf ;Dks{df /x]/ sfd ubf{ Wofg lbg' kg]{ s'/fx? –
- dflg;x?sf] cfjt hfjt / uf8L nufotsf cGo ;fwg ;fdfu|Lx?nfO{ kz'k+IfL /flvPsf] 7fp+, If]q, uf]7, vf]/, kz' ahf/ tyf kz' /flvg] :yfgx?df ;s];Dd sd ug{' kb{5 h;n] ubf{ dflg;, uf8L tyf cGo ljleGg cf}hf/ / ;fdu|Lx?af6 -3f+;, bfgf, k/fn, b'w, c08f, dn nufotsf cGo kbfy{ cflb af]Sg] uf8f, uf8L h;n] /f]usf hLjf0f'x? klg af]Sg ;Sb5g_ b'lift x'g ;Sg] ;+efjgf sd x'G5 .
- kz'k+IfLl;t k|ToIf ;Dks{ e} /xg] cj:yfdf nufO{g] sk8f, h'Qf, uda'6, k|of]u ul/g] jf ul/Psf] ;fdu|L, uf8L cflbnfO{ ;Dks{df cfpg' cuf8L / ;Dks{df cfO{ ;s] kl5 /fd|/L ;kmf / lgM;qmd0f ug'{ kb{5 .
Pp6f h}ljs ;'/Iffsf] pkfon] ;a} /f]ux?sf] /f]syfdsf] pQ/ lbb}g t;y{ /f]usf] /f]syfdsf] pkfox?sf] nflu PsLs[t sfo{qmdsf] cfjZos x'G5 . o;sf] nflu Ps s[ifssf] kmfd{df lgDg s'/fx?df Wofg lbg ;lsG5 –
- cfkm'n] kfn]sf kz'x?sf] af/]df ;a} ljj/0f v'Ng] u/L clen]v /fVg] -kflnPsf] ;a} kz'k+IfLsf] ljj/0f÷clen]v b'?:t /fVg]_ h'g clen]vn] ;a} kz'x?sf] ljj/0f lbG5 .
- kz' ayfg z'? ubf{ /fd|f] / :j:y kz'af6 z'? ug]{ .
- ;+ej eP;Dd aw'jf u/L jf aGb k4lt (Closed system) ckgfpg] h;n] ubf{ 5f8f ?kdf kflnPsf] cGo kz'x?sf] ;Dks{df cfpg] ;+efjgf x'+b}g .
- vfB :jR5tfsf] b[lisf]0faf6 ;'/lIft kz' cf}iflwsf] k|of]u ug{ kz' lrlsT;s tyf cg'ejL k|fljlwssf] ;Nnfx / l;kmf/L;df dfq cfjZostfg';f/ cf}iflwsf] k|of]u ug]{ cGoyf w]/} k|of]u ePsf] cj:yfdf kz'hGo kbfy{sf] dfWodaf6 hg:jf:Yodf c;/ kg{ ;S5 .
- /fd|f] ;/;kmfO{sf] cEof; u/L kmfd{÷If]qnfO{ ;kmf /fVg] .
- ayfgsf ;a} kz'k+IfLx?sf] nflu cfjZos uf]7÷vf]/ / 7fp+sf] /fd|f] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
- kz'k+IfLx?df bjfj / tgfj jf ;s; sd ug]{ .
- k|z:t dfqfdf cfxf/f v'jfpg] / cfxf/f v'jfp+bf ljleGg df};d cg';f/ ;Gt'lnt cfxf/fsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
- ayfgnfO{ uf]7 tyf vf]/af6 x6fO{ ;s] kl5 klg To; 7fp+df /f]u pTkGg ug{ ;Sg] hLjf0f'x? /lx /xg] x'+bf h}ljs ;'/Iffsf] ljlw ckgfP/ dfq k'Mg k|of]u ug]{ .
kz'x?df gof+ /f]u lelqg glbg s] s] ug{ ;lsG5 <
- gof+ kz' v/Lb ul/Psf] eP To;fnO{ slDtdf klg @ xKtf;Dd ayfgl;t gld;fO{ a]Un} /fVg] h;n] ubf{ ;f] kz'df s'g} /f]u nflu ;s]sf] eP yfxf kfpg ;lsG5 .
- olb kz'nfO{ s'g} k|bz{gLdf nu]/ NofPsf] ePdf To;nfO{ ayfgdf gld;fO{sg a]Un} 7fp+df /fVg] olb of] ;+ej gePdf slDtdf klg 5'§} s'gfdf /fVg] .
- olb kz'x? cGo kz'x?l;t ;Dks{df cfPsf] eP jf cGo s'g} aflx/sf] kz' kmfd{ tyf uf]7, vf]/df k|of]u x'g] ef+8fs'+8f tyf cf}hf/x?l;t ;Dks{df cfPsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] kz'x?nfO{ klg sl/a @ xKtf;Dd lgu/fgLdf /flv /f]usf] l:ylt cWoog ug'{ kb{5 .
- kmfd{, uf]7 vf]/df k|of]u x'g] /f}+ emfg]{ a|';, bfgfkfgL lbg] ef+8fjt{g cflb ;femf ?kdf c?l;t k|of]u ug'{ x'+b}g lsgls o;af6 5fnf / :jf;k|Zjf; ;DalGw /f]u nfUg] al9 ;+efjgf x'G5 . olb c?l;t dfu]/ NofO{ sfd rnfpg' kg]{ ePdf k|of]u ug'{ cufl8 /fd|/L ;kmf / lgM;+qmd0f u/]/ dfq k|of]u ug]{ / k|of]u ul/ ;s] kl5 klg /fd|/L ;kmf / lgM;+qmd0f u/L dfq lkmtf{ lbg] .
- kz' d]nf, kmfd{, uf]7, vf]/sf] cjnf]sg ug{ cfpg]x?nfO{ kz' 5'g] tyf kz'nfO{ s]lx v'jfpg] h:tf sfo{nfO{ xtf]T;fx ug]{ lsgls dflg;sf] dfWodaf6 Ps kz'af6 csf]{ kz'df, Ps hgfj/ b]lv csf]{ hgfj/df hfg] ePsf]n] /f]u pTkGg ug]{ hLjf0f' klg ;fy} km}ng] df}sf kfpg ;Sg] x'''''G5 . 7'nf kmfd{df o:tf] cj:yfdf s[kof kz'nfO{ g5'g' xf]nf ;fy} s]lx klg gv'jfpg' xf]nf eGg] n]lvPsf] ;fO{gaf]8{ klg /fVg ;lsG5 jf cfuGt'sx?nfO{ clu|d hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
- JolQmut ;/;kmfO{df /fd|/L Wofg lbg' kb{5 lsgls kz'k+IfLx? hg:jf:Yodf c;/ ug]{ /f]ux?sf] >f]t klg x'g ;S5g\ . ;fy} dflg;x? klg kz'x? jLr /f]u ;fg]{ dfWod aGg ;S5g\ . o;sf/0f kmfd{df kz'sf] ;Dks{df cfpg' cufl8 xftnfO{ ;kmf kfgL / ;fa'gn] wf]P/ ;kmf n'uf, h'Qf÷uda'6 cflb nufpg] / kz'sf] ;]jf ubf{ nufO{Psf n'uf, h'Qf÷ uda'6 h:tf ;fdu|Lx?nfO{ sfd ;lsP kl5 /fd|/L ;kmf / lgM;+qmd0f u/]/ /fVg] .
- Joj;flos 7"nf kmfd{ cjnf]sgsf] l;nl;nfdf cfpg] cfuGt'sx?nfO{ ;+ej eP;Dd kmfd{af6 tof/ kfl/Psf] n'uf, h'Qf cflb pknJw u/fpg pko'Qm x'G5 .
- kz' 9'jfgL ug]{ uf8L, sfdsf] nflu k|of]u x'g] uf8f, hf]Tg] xnf] h:tf ;fdu|Lx?nfO{ k|of]udf Nofpg' cufl8 lg;+qmd0f ug'{ kb{5 .
s'v'/fkfngdf h}ljs ;'/Iff Joj:yf
s'v'/fkfngdf h}ljs ;'/Iff ug'{ eg]sf] /f]usf] sf/s tTjx?nfO{ k+IfLaf6 / k+IfLnfO{ /f]usf] sf/s tTjaf6 6f9f /fVg] Joj:yf a'emfp+5 . k+IfLnfO{ /f]uJofwLaf6 hf]ufpg] / lgoGq0f ug]{ ;DaGwdf pknJw k|ljlwx?df h}ljs ;'/Iff g} ;a]}eGbf ;:tf] / e/kbf]{ pkfo 7xl/Psf] 5 . k+IfL Joo;fosf] ;kmntf g} cfkm\gf] k+IfLsf] :jf:Yo ;'/Iffdf lge{/ ub{5 .
ctM k+IfLsf] a8{ km\n', /fgLv]t h:tf l;dfljlxg /f]u b]lv lnP/ cGo dxfdf/L nufotsf ljleGg ?kdf km}lng] /f]ux?nfO{ ;d]t cfkm\gf] kmfd{df k|j]z ug{ / ;+qmd0f ug{df /f]s nufpg cjnDag ul/g] h}ljs ;'/Iffsf r/0fa4 pkfox? lgDgfg';f/ ckgfO{G5 .
h}ljs ;'/Iffsf k|d'v ltg c+ux?nfO{ b]xfo cg'?k 5'§f 5'§} a0f{g ul/Psf] 5 –
!= k+IfLnfO{ cnu ug]{
cfkm\gf] k+IfLnfO{ cGo kz'k+IfL tyf /f]usf hLjf0f' jf ljiff0f'sf] ;+;u{af6 6f9f cnUofP/ /fVg' kb{5 . o;f] ubf{ /f]u pTkGg ug{ z'Id hLjx? / /f]usf ;Djfxsx/sf] ;+;u{af6 cfkm\gf k+IfLx? cnu /fVg ;lsg] / k+IfLsf] ;d'xdf /f]u k|j]z ug{ g;Sg] ePsf]n] k+IfLx? ;'/lIft /xg ;Sb5g\ . /f]usf] hLjf0f' af]s]/ lx+8\g] dflg;, kz'k+IfL, h+unL hgfj/, uf8L, r/f, d';f h:tf /f]usf] ;Dafxs / sf/s tTjx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] k+IfL kmfd{df k|j]z x'gaf6 /f]s nufpg] / cgfjZos ?kdf cGo kz'k+IfLsf] ;+;u{df cfkm\gf k+IfLnfO{ g/fVg] jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug'{ kb{5 . o;sf] nflu lgDgfg';f/ ug{' kb{5 –
- kmfd{df k+IfL /fVbf vf]/df hfnL nufpg] / ahf/df /fVbf ;'/lIft vf]/df /fVg] .
- s'v'/fkfng ubf{ Ps} k6s s'v'/f leq\ofpg] / Ps} k6s aflx¥ofpg] u/L Ps} k6s cGTo ug]{ All in all out l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL ckgfpg] . o;af6 k'/} kmfd{ Ps}k6s lgM;+qmd0f ug{ ;xh x'G5 .
@= k+IfL kmfd{ leq / kmfd{ aflx/ x'g] dflg;, r/fr'?ËL, bfgf, c08f, uf8L tyf ;/;fdu|Lx?sf] cgfjZos cfjthfjt tyf cfjfudgdf lgoGq0f u/L /f]usf] k|j]zdf /f]s nufpg' kb{5 .
o;sf] nflu lgDgfg';f/ ug{ ;lsG5 –
- cgflws[t JolQmnfO{ kmfd{ kl/;/ leq k:g /f]s nufpg] .
- kmfd{sf] sfddf k|of]u gul/g] ;a} uf8Lx?nfO{ kmfd{sf] k|j]z u]6df g} /f]Sg nufpg] .
- sfd ug]{ a]nfdf klxn] lg/f]uL / To; kl5 /f]uL clg klxn] rNnf / kl5 dfpsf] x]/rfxsf] sfo{ ug'[{ kb{5 .
- k+IfLsf Jofkf/Lx?nfO{ kmfd{ leq k:g glbg] .
- s'v/fsf] vf]/ jf 5'§f 5'§} sf]7fsf nflu 5'§} leq k:bf nufpg] h'Qf /fVg] .
- km'6 jfysf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
- k+IfL ahf/df Ps tkm{af6 k:g] / csf]{ tkm{af6 lg:sg] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kb{5 .
- k+IfL ahf/df ljqmLsf] nflu nluPsf] k+IfL k'Mg kmfd{df lkmtf{ gNofpg] . o;sf] nflu k+IfL ahf/ lgdf{0f ubf{sf] cj:yfdf g} Wofg k'¥ofpg] .
- ahf/df k;]sf] dflg; Ps tkm{af6 k;] kl5 csf]{ tkm{af6 dfq lg:sg ldNg] ul/ k+IfL ahf/ lgdf{0f ug]{ .
- kmfd{af6 k+IfL cf];f/k;f/ ug]{ uf8LnfO{ nf]8 cgnf]8 ug{ pko'Qm :yfg lgdf{0f ug]{ . Ps 7fp+af6 dfq nf]8cgnf]8 ugf{n] To:tf] kl/j]zsf] ;/;kmfO{ tyf lgM;+qmd0f ug{ ;xh x'g] ub{5 .
#= ;/;kmfO{
lgoldt ?kdf k+IfLsf] vf]/, k|of]u x'g] bfgfkfgLsf] ef+8fjt{g, uf8L tyf sfdbf/ ;d]tsf] ;/;kmfO{ / lgM;+qmd0fdf /fd|/L Wofg lbgfn] /f]u pTkGg ug]{ z'Id hLjx?sf] kmfd{df k|j]z x'g kfp+b}g . k+IfL Joj;fol;t ;DalGwt vf]/, kmfd{df k|of]u x'g] ;fdu|Lx?, uf8Lsf ;fy} dflg;n] ;d]t tn lbP cg';f/ ;/;kmfO{ / lgM;+qmd0fsf] ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 –
- s'v'/fsf] kmfd{df sfd ug]{ sfdbf/x?n] sfd ;lsP kl5 xftuf]8f /fd|/L ;kmf ug]{ clg n'uf / h'Qf km]g'{ kb{5 . o;/L /fd|/L ;/;kmfO{ gul/sg csf{] kmfd{df k:g' klg x'+b}g .
- kmfd{df k|of]u ePsf ljleGg ;fdu|Lx? -bfgfkfgL vfg] ef+8f, cf}hf/ tyf pks/0f cflb_ nfO{ lgoldt ?kdf ;/;kmfO{ / lgM;+qmd0f ug]{ .
- kmfd{df /fd|f] 9nsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
- k|of]u ePsf] ;f]Q/nfO{ ;+w} ;'Vvf /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
- kmfd{af6 lg:s]sf] kfgL km]/L k|of]u ug'{ x'+b}g .
- s'v'/f kmfd{ jl/kl/sf] If]qdf ls/fkm6]+u|f, r/f, d';f nufotsf hLj÷k]i6 lgoGq0f sfo{ ug]{ .
- h}ljs ;'/Iffsf] k"jf{wf/ eg]sf] c;n Joj:yfkg k4lt cg';f/ k+IfLkfng ug'{ xf] eGg] s'/fnfO{ s'v'/fkfnsn] hlxn] klg dgg ug'{ kb{5 .
k+IfLx? ahf/df 9'jfgL ubf{ Wofg lbg' kg]{ h}ljs ;'/Iffsf pkfox?
- h}ljs ;'/Iffsf ljlwx? /fd|/L kfng ug]{ ljZjfl;nf] pTkfbsx?af6 dfq :j:y k+IfLx? v/Lb ul/ 9'jfgL ug'{ kb{5 .
- /f]usf nIf0f b]vfO{ /x]sf jf /f]u nfu]sf] z+sf nfu]df To:tf k+IfLx? ljqmL ljt/0fsf] nfuL vl/b ug'{ x'+b}g .
- Ps} k6sdf jf Ps} lbgdf w]/} kmfd{af6 k+IfL ;+sng gug]{ .
- k+IfL l8n/ / k+IfL 9'jfgL ug{] 6f]s/LnfO{ slxNo} klg kmfd{ leq Nofpg glbg] . k+IfLsf] sf/f]af/ kmfd{ aflx/ g} ug'{ kb{5 .
- sfdbf/ jfx]s cGo JolQm k+IfL ;+sng ug{ vf]/ leq l5g'{ x'+b}g / k+IfLnfO{ kfng u/]sf] kmfd{ eGbf s]xL 6f9f lglZrt :yfgdf ;+sng ug'{ kb{5 .
- k+IfL 9'jfgL ug]{ ;fwgdf dflg; af]Sg' x'+b}g ;fy} cGo kz'k+IfLl;t ld;fP/ 9'jfgL ug{ klg x'+b}g .
- k+IfL /f]u km}lnPsf] ;dodf /f]unfO{ yk km}ng glbg k+IfLsf] cfjt hfjtdf nufO{Psf] /f]ssf] kfngf ;b}j ug'{ kb{5 .
- 9'jfgLdf k|of]u ul/g] Knfli6s tyf wft'sf] ;fdu|Lx? ;lhn} ;kmf ug{ ;lsg] vfnsf] x'g' kb{5 eg] :yflgo:t/df af+; tyf 8f]/Laf6 ag]sf 6f]s/L cflbnfO{ abNg] jf sfd gnfUg] jf k'/fgf] eP kl5 89fP/ gi6 ug'{ kb{5 .
- k+IfL 9'jfgLdf k|of]u ePsf uf8f, df]6/;fO{sn, lksck, hLk, 6<s cflbnfO{ 9'jfgL sfo{ ;dfKt eP kl5 /fd|/L ;kmf / lgM;+qmd0f ug'{ kb{5 .
k+IfL ljqm]tfx?n] Wofg lbg' kg]{ h}ljs ;'/Iffsf ljlwx?
ahf/ Joj:yfkgn] k|efjsf/L h}ljs ;'/Iffsf pkfox? cjnDag ug{ cfjZos k"jf{wf/x? tyf ;'ljwfx? pknJw u/fP klg cGttf]uTjf :j:y Pj+ :jR5 pTkfbgsf] nflu b}lgs ?kdf ;/;kmfO{ ug]{ lhDdf k+IfL ljqm]tfx?sf] g} x'g] ePsf]n] ljqm]tfx?n] lgDgfg';f/ h}ljs ;'/Iff ljlw ckgfpg' cfjZos b]lvPsf] 5 –
h}ljs ;'/Iffsf] ljlw ckgfO{ e/kbf]{ >f]taf6 dfq k+IfL v/Lb ul/ :j:y / u'0f:/Lo k+IfLx?sf] Joj;fo ;+rfng ug'{ kb{5 .
- Pp6} vf]/ jf lk+h8f jf 6f]s/Ldf ljleGg pd]/ / hftsf] k+IfL jf dgf]/+hgsf] nflu kflnPsf k+IfLx? -;'uf, d}gf, sflnh h:tf_ ld;fpg' x'+b}g .
- ;s];Dd Pp6} >f]taf6 dfq k+IfL v/Lb ug'{ kb{5 .
- ljqmL ljt/0f ug]{ lglZrt lbgdf gof+ k+IfLx? gleqfpg] .
- ljqmL gePsf k+IfLx?nfO{ h'g kmfd{af6 nu]sf] xf] ;f]lx kmfd{df lkmtf{ Nofpg' x'+b}g / o:tf k+IfLx?nfO{ jw ug'{ kb{5 .
- cfkm'l;t ePsf] k+IfLx? lj/fdL eP gePsf] ;b}j rgfvf] eP/ lgu/fgL /fVg' kb{5 olb lj/fdL ePsf] z+sf nfu]df :j:yx?af6 cnu u/L a]Un]} vf]/ jf 6f]s/Ldf /fVg' kb{5 .
- ljqm]tfn] ahf/df ljqmLsf] nflu NofPsf] k+IfLsf] ;xL tYof+s /fVg' kb{5 .
- cfkm'n] NofPsf] k+IfLx? c;fdfGo tl/sfn] lj/fdL eP jf dg{ nfu]df t'?Gt} ;DalGwt lgsfox?df -kz' ;]jf s]Gb|, lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, uf=lj=;=_ oyf;So rf8f] va/ ug'{ kb{5 .
kz'k+IfL xf6ahf/df h}ljs ;'/Iff ljlw
g]kfndf kz'k+IfL a]rljvgdf xf6ahf/sf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 . t/ w]/} lt/sf kz'x? xf6ahf/df NofO{g] ePsf] / kz'x? ps cfk;df ;Dks{df cfpg], Jofkf/lx? df]ndf]nfO{ ubf{, kz'x?nfO{ 5'+bf /f]u ;+qmd0fsf] ;+efjgf cTolws /xG5 . ctM b]xfosf h}ljs ;'/Iffsf pkfox? pkof]uL x'g] b]lvG5 —
- xf6ahf/df lj/fdL jf z+sf:kb lj/fdL kz'nfO{ cnUu} /fVg] / pkrf/ ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
- kz' 9'jfgLdf k|of]u x'g] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] ;/;kmfO{ / lgM;+qmd0f k|To]s k6ssf] kz' 9'jfgL kZrft /fd|f];+u ug]{ .
- xf6df ljqmLsf] nflu NofO{Psf kz'nfO{ ;se/ k'gM lkmtf{ gn}hfg] t/ n}hfg' k/]sf] cj:yfdf jf xf6ahf/af6 vl/b u/]/ 3/ n}hfg' k/sf] cj:yfdf uf]7df kflnPsf c? kz'x?;+u gld;fO{ sl/a @ xKtf;Dd cnUu} /fVg] .
- xf6ahf/sf] dnd'q nufotsf kmf]xf]/ lgisf;g plrt lsldn] ug]{ .
- ahf/ nfUg] :yfg j/k/ ;+qmfds /f]u km}lnPsf] cj:ydf xf6ahf/df /f]uL kz' gNofpg k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{ . ;+ej ePdf s]lx ;do -/f]u ;fDo geP;Dd ahf/ aGb ug'{ kg]{ x'G5_ .
- xf6ahf/sf] dfWodaf6 kz'k+IfLx?sf] /f]u km}lng ;Sg] af/] Jofkf/L, s[ifsx?, 9'jfgLstf{, ;jf/L rfns, x]Nk/nfO{ ;d]t ;r]t u/fpg] .
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