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Physiology is the the branch of science which deals with the normal processes and reactions of the body of an animal.
SOME TERMINOLOGIES ON INFLAMMATION.
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S.NO |
TERMINOLOGY |
ORGAN |
Remarks |
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1 |
Nephritis |
Kidney |
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2 |
Glossitis |
Tongue |
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3 |
Stomatitis |
Buccal mucosa |
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4 |
Gingivitis |
Gum |
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5 |
Cheilitis |
Lips |
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6 |
Rhinitis |
Nose |
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7 |
Pneumonia |
Lungs |
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8 |
Hepatitis |
Liver |
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9 |
Phlebitis |
Vein |
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10 |
Nymphitis |
Labio minora |
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11 |
Colpitis |
Vagina |
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12 |
Metritis |
Uterus |
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13 |
Salpingitis |
Oviduct |
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14 |
Bursitis |
Bursa |
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15 |
Ovaritis |
Ovary |
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16 |
Mastitis |
Mammary gland |
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17 |
Thelitis |
Nipples/teat |
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18 |
Posthitis |
Prepuce |
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19 |
Balanitis |
Glans penis |
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20 |
Periorchitis |
Scrotum |
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21 |
Orchitis |
Testis |
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22 |
Funiculitis |
Spermatic cord |
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23 |
Prostatitis |
Prostate gland |
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24 |
Cystitis |
Urinary bladder |
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25 |
Proctitis |
Rectum |
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26 |
Cholangitis |
Bile duct |
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27 |
Cholecystitis |
Gall bladder |
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28 |
Cirrhosis |
Chronic stage liver |
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29 |
Gastritis |
Stomach |
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30 |
Typhlitis |
Caecum |
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31 |
Ingluvitis |
Crop of poultry |
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32 |
Enteritis |
Intestine |
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33 |
Colitis |
Colon |
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34 |
Sialadenitis |
Salivary gland |
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35 |
Arteritis |
Artery |
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36 |
Lampus |
Palate |
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37 |
Dermatitis |
Skin |
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38 |
Myositis |
Muscle |
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39 |
Encephalitis |
Brain |
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40 |
Myelitis |
Spinal cord |
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41 |
Encephalomyelitis |
Brain and spinal cord |
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42 |
Meningitis |
Meninges of brain |
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43 |
Pachy-encephalitis |
Duramater of brain |
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44 |
Lepto-meningitis |
Piamater of brain |
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45 |
Polio-encephalitis |
Grey mater of brain |
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46 |
Poliomyelitis |
Grey mater of spinal cord |
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47 |
Coronitis |
Hoof |
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48 |
Desmitis |
Ligament |
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49 |
Lymphangitis |
Lymph vessel |
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50 |
Lymphadenitis |
Lymph node |
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51 |
Arthitis |
Joints |
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52 |
Neuritis |
Nerve |
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53 |
Ostitis |
Bone |
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54 |
Osteomyelitis |
Bone marrow |
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55 |
Carditis |
Heart |
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56 |
Pericarditis |
Pericardium |
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57 |
Myocarditis |
Myocardium |
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58 |
Endocarditis |
Endocardium |
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59 |
Glomerulo nephritis |
Glomeruli of kidney |
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60 |
Tubular nephritis |
Tubules of kidney |
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61 |
Interstitial nephritis |
Interstitial part of kidney |
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62 |
Cellulitis |
Diffused suppurative inflammation on connective tissue |
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63 |
Blepharitis |
Eyelids |
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64 |
Iritis |
Iris |
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65 |
Keratitis |
Cornea |
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66 |
Opthalmitis |
Eye |
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67 |
Dacryoadenitis |
Lacrimal glands |
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68 |
Pyelitis |
Renal pelvis |
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69 |
Radiculitis |
Spinal nerve root |
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70 |
Vasculitis |
Vessel |
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71 |
Spondylitis |
Vertebrae |
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72 |
Splenitis |
Spleen |
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73 |
Otitis |
Ear |
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Endocrine glands, hormones and their functions and structure
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Gland
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hormones
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Major functions
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Chemical structure
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Hypothalamus
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Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
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stimulates secretion of TSH and prolactin
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Peptide
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Corticotropin-releasing hormone
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causes release of ACTH
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Peptide
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Growth hormone-releasing hormone
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causes release of growth hormone
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Peptide
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Growth hormone inhibitory hormone(somatostatin)
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inhibits release of growth hormone
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Peptide
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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
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causes release of FSH and LH
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Dopamine or prolacting-inhibiting factor
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inhibits release of prolactin
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Amine
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Anterior pituitary
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Growth hormone
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Stimulates protein synthesis and overall growth of most cells and tissues
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Peptide
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Thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)
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stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones
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peptide
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Adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)
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stimulates synthesis and secretion of adrenal cortical hormones(cortical, androgens,and aldosterone)
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peptide
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Prolactin
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promotes development of female breasts and secretion of milk
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peptide
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Follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)
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causes growth of follicles in the ovaries and sperm maturation is sertoli cells of testies
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peptide
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Lutenizing hormone(LH)
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stimulates testesterone synthesis in leydigs cells of testies, stimulates ovulation, formation of corpous luteum and estrogen and progesterone synthesis in ovaries
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peptide
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Posterior pituitary
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Anti diuretic hormone(ADH)/vasopressin
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increase water reabsorption by the kidneys and causes vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure
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peptide
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Oxytocin
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stimulates milk ejection from breasts and uterine contraction
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peptide
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Thyroid
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Thyroxine (T4)
triiodothyronine (T3)
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increases the rate of chemical reaction in most cells thus increasing body metablic rate
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Amine
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calcitonin
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promotes deposition of calcium in the bones and decreases extracellular
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peptide
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Adrenal cortex
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cortisol
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has multiple metabolic function for controlling metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and fats, also has anti inflammatory effects
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steroid
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aldosterone
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increase renal sodium reabsorption, potassium secretion and hydrogen ion secretion
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steroid
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Adrenal medulla
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norepinephrine
epinephrine
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same effects as sympathetic stimulation
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Amine
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Pancreas
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insulin(ß cells)
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promotes glucose entry in many cells, and in this way controls carbohydrate metabolism
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Peptide
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Glucagon (@cells)
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increase synthesis and release of glucose from the liver into the body fluids
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Peptide
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somatostatin (ϒ cells)
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Parathyroid
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parathyroid hormone(PTH)
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controls serum calcium ion concentration by increasing calcium absorption by the gut and kidneys and releasing calcium from bones
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Peptide
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Testies
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Testesterone
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promotes development of male reproductive system and male secondary sexual characteristics
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steroid
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Ovaries
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estrogen
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promote growth and development of female reproductive system, female breasts, and female secondary sexual characteristics
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steroid
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progesterone
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stimulates secretion of uterine milk by the uterine endometrial glands and promotes development of secretory appartus of breasts.
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steroid
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Placenta
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human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)
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promotes growth of corpous luteum and secretion of estrogens and progesterone by corpous luteum
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Peptide
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Human somatomammotropin
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probably helps promote development of some fetal tissues as well as the mother’s breasts
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Peptide
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estrogen
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-
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steroid
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progesterone
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-
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steroid
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Kidney
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Renin
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catalyzes conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I( acts as enzyme)
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Peptide
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1,25-dihdroxycholecalciferol
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increases intestinal absorption of calcium and bone mineralization
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steroid
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Erythropoietin
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increases erythrocyte production
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Peptide
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Heart
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Arterial natriuretic peptide(ANP)
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increase sodium excretion by kidneys, reuduce blood pressure
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Peptide
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Stomach
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Gastrin
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stimulates HCl secretion by parietal cells
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Peptide
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Small intestine
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secretin
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stimulates pancreatic acinar cells to release bicarbonate and water
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Peptide
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Cholecystokinin
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stimulates gall bladder contraction and release of pancreatic enzymes
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Peptide
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Apr 27, 2024
Weekly updates
Apr 27, 2024
Weekly updates
Apr 27, 2024
